@didi welcome to the KNIME forum.
Certainly such a scenario is possible. I have put together two examples. In the first one there is a simple configuration file with the necessary information being read into KNIME and used as variables to do a selection
configuration_file.txt
table_to_select: table_20
columns_to_select: "t_20_Cluster_Membership", "t_20_Universe_0_2", "t_20_Universe_1_1"
If you want to do a more interactive selection you could use Components to create an interactive experience (and later also run that on a KNIME server 
).
In two steps you would first provide the user with a list of tables from your database where he might select one. You just have to apply the results of the selection and continue the workflow.
In the next step you dynamically provide a list of the columns and let them select the ones they want.
An SQL code is being provided that would do what you want.
You could try this example and toy around with it.
components can at first glance seem a little scary but once you start using them you can see how fast you can build small applications without much code or no code at all. A look inside the second component:
